This history of mathematics from prehistoric times till the 21st century tells about mathematicians and discoveries of each period, solutions to mathematical problems that led to unexpected discoveries in other fields of knowledge and the changing language of science. The authors concentrate not only on personalities and facts, but on the history of ideas and their progress, including the circumference of a circle, the π, the law of gravity, the theory of relativity, Euclid’s axioms and multidimensional Riemann spaces.